Today in History – 1 September

World War II begins

Making an unexpected move with the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (Soviet-German non-aggression pact) signed in Moscow on August 23, the Hitler Germany engaged in provocation on the Polish border on August 31st and, citing the defense of Germany’s interest as an excuse, entered Poland without even opening a war. Thus began World War II officially on September 1, 1939.

Considering the existence of a 1934 non-aggression pact between Germany and Poland, it was evident that small states had noting to rely on against a powerful and fully armed Germany. Planning to establish a vast empire across Europe, Germany captured most European territory following a series of battles and treaties between late 1939 and early 1941.

The status quo was disconcerting for Turkey and the country was forced to take significant precautions with much sacrifice. President İsmet İnönü strived to keep his country away from war throughout World War II.